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Boris Kalamanos
Boris ((ハンガリー語:Borisz), ); 1114 1154), also known as Boris Kalamanos ((ロシア語:Борис Коломанович)) was a claimant to the Hungarian throne in the middle of the . He was the son of Euphemia of Kiev, the second wife of Coloman the Learned, King of Hungary. After Euphemia was caught in adultery, Coloman expelled her from Hungary and never acknowledged that he was Boris's father. However, Boris, who was born in the Kievan Rus', regarded himself as the king's lawful son. He laid claim to Hungary after Coloman's firstborn and successor, Stephen II of Hungary, died in 1131. Boris made several attempts to assert his claims against Kings Béla II and Géza II with the assistance of Poland, the Holy Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire, but failed and was killed in a battle.
== Early life ==
Boris was the son of Euphemia of Kiev, a daughter of Vladimir II Monomakh, the future Grand Prince of Kiev. She was given in marriage to King Coloman of Hungary in 1112. However, as the ''Illuminated Chronicle'' narrated, she "was taken in the sin of adultery".〔''The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle'' (ch. 149), p. 132.〕 After discovering her illicit relationship, King Coloman expelled his wife from Hungary. She fled to her homeland where she gave birth to Boris around 1114. He was named after St. Boris, one of the first canonized princes of the Rurik dynasty. King Coloman never acknowledged that Boris was his son. Boris grew up in the court of his grandfather, Vladimir Monomakh, in Kiev.
A group of aggrieved Hungarian lords elected "Counts Bors and Ivan"〔''The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle'' (ch. 158), p. 135.〕 king when Coloman the Learned's son and successor, Stephen II of Hungary, fell ill around 1128, according to the ''Illuminated Chronicle''. However, Stephen II who regained his health ordered the execution of Ivan and expelled Bors who went to the Byzantine Empire. According to a scholarly theory, Count Bors was identical with Boris Kalamanos, but this theory has never been widely accepted. Stephen II died on 1 March 1131 and his cousin, Béla the Blind, succeeded him. At an assembly in Arad, the new king's wife, Helena of Rascia, ordered the massacre of all Hungarian lords whom she suspected of having been opposed to her husband's ascension.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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